Glycine

Glycine is an amino acid that is considered non-essential, meaning it can be synthesized by the body. It is the simplest amino acid, both structurally and chemically, as it consists of just a hydrogen atom as its side chain. One of the primary functions of glycine is its role as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter, which means it helps regulate and calm the excitability of nerve signals in the brain and spinal cord. Glycine also plays a role in the synthesis of other important molecules in the body, such as heme (a component of hemoglobin), creatine (involved in energy metabolism), nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and bile acids (involved in fat digestion). It is also involved in the formation of collagen, a protein that provides structure and support to tissues like skin, bones, and tendons.